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The end of the Middle Ages is characterized by significant changes in Mediterranean geopolitics: in Eastern Mediterranean, the Christian powers were driven out by the progression of the Mameluks and the Ottoman Turks. In the Western Mediterranean, however, the Christian powers of the Iberian Peninsula completed the Reconquista. The fall of Acre in 1291, the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, and the capture of Granada in 1492 inspired a whole range of narratives from eyewitness reports to indirect and sometimes exagerated accounts. I would like to investigate the process of amplification that provoked the crystallization of some stereotypes related to the lost of the aforementioned cities: the massive massacre of the Christians in Acre reported in the anonymous Chronicle of the Templar of Tyre, the legend of the miraculous transformation of the last Byzantine emperor Constantine XI Paleologos into marble transmitted by Greek folklore, the story of Boabdil gazing for the last time at the Alhambra from a rocky eminence south of Granada. These stories show an interesting interplay between eyewitnesses, amplification nurtured by a high dose of nostalgia, and reminiscences of older narratives related to the topos of the capture of such antique cities as Troy or Carthago. My approach will analyze the process by virtue of which the intertextual processes obliterated the taste of authenticity contained in the genuine eyewitness report.
Cyril Aslanov is Associate Professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Department of Romance and Latin American Studies). He is a linguist, specializing in the diachrony of Romance languages and in the study of languages in contact. Besides his interest in linguistic studies, he occasionally applies linguistic tools to the analysis of literary texts in an attempt to bridge the gap between linguistics and poetics. Since 2006, he is counselor-member of the Academy of the Hebrew Language. His main publications are: Pour comprendre la Bible: La leçon d’André Chouraqui (Monaco: Éditions du Rocher, 1999); Le provençal des Juifs et l’hébreu en Provence: Le dictionnaire Sharshot ha-Kesef de Joseph Caspi (Leuven-Paris: Peeters, 2001); Evidence of Francophony in Mediaeval Levant: Decipherment and Interpretation of MS. BnF. Copte 43 (Jerusalem: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Magnes Press, 2006); Le français levantin jadis et naguère: À la recherche d’une langue perdue (Paris: Honoré Champion, 2006), Parlons grec moderne (Paris, L'Harmattan, 2008), and Sociolingüística histórica de las lenguas judías (Buenos Aires: Lilmod, 2011).